Different 4T1 Cells Migration under Caesalpinia sappan L. and Ficus septica Burm.f Ethanolic Extracts

Sari Haryanti, Retno Murwanti, Herwandhani Putri, Gagas Pradani Nur Ilmawati, Suwijiyo Pramono, Edy Meiyanto

Abstract


Secang (C. sappan L.) and awar (F. septica Burm.f) are known of Indonesian traditional medicine that highly consumed throughout centuries in order to cure various diseases. Recently, researchers also concern about its effects as anti-cancer on various cell types. This study was conducted to understand the ethanolic extract of C. sappan L. (ECS) and F. septica Burm.f (EFS) effects on 4T1 cells migration at various concentrations. Firstly, we examine cell proliferation profile with MTT assay under treatment with the extracts and obtained the IC50 value of ECS (20 μg/mL) and EFS (15 μg/mL). Subsequent assay conducted was to examine the cells migration under low concentration resulting in the migration inhibitory effect of both EFS and ECS with different intensity.  EFS performed better migration inhibitory effect than ECS. Finally, we conducted gelatin zymography and western blot and revealed that the migration inhibitory effect of EFS may correlate to the lowering of protein expression of MMP9 and Rac-1 after 24 hours of treatment. We conclude that both extracts are potential to be developed as anticancer agent and EFS is more potent for anti-metastasis.

Keywords: C. sappan L., F. septica Burm.f, 4T1, anti-migration


Full Text:

PDF

References


Bandyopadhyay, A., Wang, L., Agyin, J., Tang, Y., Lin, S., Yeh, I.T., et al., 2010, Doxorubicin in Combination with a Small TGFβ Inhibitor: A Potential Novel Therapy for Metastatic Breast Cancer in Mouse Models, PLOS ONE, 5(4), e10365, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010365. CrossRef

Chang, T.S., Chao, S.Y. and Ding, H.Y., 2012, Melanogenesis Inhibition by Homoisoflavavone Sappanone A from Caesalpinia sappan, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 13(8), 10359–10367. CrossRef

Dapson, R. and Bain, C., 2015, Brazilwood, Sappanwood, Brazilin and the Red Dye Brazilein: From Textile Dyeing and Folk medicine to Biological Staining and Musical Instruments, Biotech. Histochem., 90(6), 401–423. CrossRef

Dong, C. and Chen, L., 2014, Second Malignanciesafter Breast Cancer: The Impact of Adjuvant Therapy, Mol. Clin. Oncol., 2(3), 331–336. CrossRef

Fitriasari, A., Pratama, R., Ikhtiyarsah, Y., Anindyajati and Ikawati, M., 2011, Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Awar-Awar (F. septica) Secara Sinergis Meningkatkan Efektivitas Doxo Terhadap Sel Kanker Payudara T47D, JIFI J. Ilmu Kefarmasian Indones., 9, 67–71.

Hung, T.M., Dang, N.H. and Dat, N.T., 2014, Methanol Extract from Vietnamese Caesalpinia sappan Induces Apoptosis in HeLa Cells, Biol. Res., 47(1), 20. doi:10.1186/0717-6287-47-20. CrossRef

Katoh, H., Hiramoto, K. and Negishi, M., 2006, Activation of Rac1 by RhoG Regulates Cell Migration, J. Cell Sci., 119(1), 56–65. CrossRef

Luna-Vázquez, F., Ibarra-Alvarado, C., Rojas-Molina, A., Rojas-Molina, I. and Zavala-Sánchez, M., 2013, Vasodilator Compounds Derived from Plants and Their Mechanisms of Action, Molecules, 18(5), 5814–5857. CrossRef

Majhail, N.S., Brazauskas, R., Rizzo, J.D., Sobecks, R.M., Wang, Z., Horowitz, M.M., et al., 2011, Secondary Solid Cancers After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Using Busulfancyclophosphamide Conditioning, Blood, 117(1), 316–322. CrossRef

Mekala, K. and Radha, R., 2015, A Review on Sappan Wood-A Therapeutic Dye Yielding Tree, Res. J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem., 7(4), 227, doi:10.5958/0975-4385.2015.00035.7. CrossRef

Mu’nisa, A., Muflihunna, A. and Hala, Y., 2016, Antioxidant Activity Assay of Sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.), Proceeding Int. Conf. Math. Sci. Technol. Educ. Their Appl. 1.

Ng, A.K., Kenney, L.B., Gilbert, E.S. and Travis, L.B., 2010, Secondary Malignancies Across the Age Spectrum, Semin. Radiat. Oncol., 20(1), 67-78. CrossRef

Nirmal, N.P., Rajput, M.S., Prasad, R.G.S.V. and Ahmad, M., 2015, Brazilin from Caesalpinia Sappan Heartwood and Its Pharmacological Activities: A review, Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med., 8(6), 421–430. CrossRef

Saraswati, S., Kanaujia, P., Kumar, S., Kumar, K. and Alhaider, A., 2013, Tylophorine, A Phenanthraindolizidine Alkaloid Isolated from Tylophora Indica Exerts Antiangiogenic and Antitumor Activity by Targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2–mediated Angiogenesis, Mol. Cancer, 12(1), 82, doi: 10.1186/1476-4598-12-82. CrossRef

Sekti, D.A., Mubarok, M.F., Armandani, I., Junedy, S. and Meiyanto, E., 2010, Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Awar-awar (Ficus septica Burm. f.) Memacu Apoptosis Sel Kanker Payudara MCF-7 Melalui Penekanan Ekspresi Bcl-2, Maj. Obat Tradis., 15(3), 100–104. Link

Senthilkumar, N., Murugesan, S., Banu, N., Supriya, S. and Rajeshkannan, C., 2011, Biochemical Estimation and Antimicrobial Activities of the Extracts of Caesalpinia Sappan Linn, Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res., 46(4), 429–436. CrossRef

Sutejo, I.R., Putri, H., Meiyanto, E., 2016, Synergistic Combinantion of Curcuma Xanthorrhiza, Ficus septica and Doxorubicin Inhibits Metastasis of Breast Cancer Through Inhibition MMP-9 Activity, Proceeding, UNEJ E-Proceeding S.I, pp. 137–141.

Torre, L.A., Bray, F., Siegel, R.L., Ferlay, J., Lortet-Tieulent, J. and Jemal, A., 2015, Global Cancer Statistics 2012, CA. Cancer J. Clin., 65(2), 87–108. CrossRef

Wu, P.L., Rao, K.V., Su, C.H., Kuoh, C.S. and Wu, T.S., 2002, Phenanthroindolizidine Alkaloids and Their Cytotoxicity from the Leaves of Ficus Septica, Heterocycles, 57(12), 2401–2408. CrossRef




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14499/indonesianjcanchemoprev8iss1pp21-26

Copyright (c) 2017 Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention

Indexed by:

                  

               

 

Indonesian Society for Cancer Chemoprevention