Antioxidant and Thrombopoietic Effects of Moringa oleifera on Cisplatin-Induced Thrombocytopenia through MDA Reduction and TPO/NF-κB Level

Inas Khoirun Nisa, Agus Jati Sunggoro, Ratih Tri Kusuma Dewi, Ratih Arianita Agung, Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari

Abstract


Thrombocytopenia induced by chemotherapy is a prevalent side effect of cisplatin administration, heightening the likelihood of bleeding due to bone marrow suppression and oxidative stress. Natural substances with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory attributes, like Moringa oleifera, are proposed as potential agents for hematoprotection. Nevertheless, the biomolecular mechanisms that clarify its impact on oxidative stress, thrombopoiesis, and inflammation pathways in thrombocytopenia have not been thoroughly investigated. This research aimed to evaluate the effects of ethanolic extract from 350 mg, 700 mg, and 1050 mg Moringa oleifera leaves on platelet counts, malondialdehyde (MDA), thrombopoietin (TPO), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) levels in a rat model of thrombocytopenia induced by cisplatin. A total 30 Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly categorized into 6 groups ; normal control, cisplatin control, positive control (TPO receptor agonist), and treatment groups administered cisplatin in combination with varying doses of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera. Cisplatin was given to trigger thrombocytopenia.The primary endpoint was the change in platelet count, MDA, TPO, and NF-κB levels following 14 days of treatment. Administration of Moringa oleifera extract markedly elevated platelet counts and TPO levels while significantly reducing MDA and NF-κB levels compared to the cisplatin group (p<0.05). The highest dosage exhibited the most favorable improvement in hematological and biomolecular parameters, indicating dose-dependent protective effects against oxidative stress and inflammation. Ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves shows potential as a hematoprotective agent in cisplatin-induced thrombocytopenia through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and thrombopoiesis-regulating mechanisms. These findings support further investigation of Moringa oleifera as an adjunct therapy to reduce chemotherapy-related hematological toxicity.

Keywords: Cisplatin, Thrombocytopenia, Moringa oleifera, oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory.


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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14499/indonesianjcanchemoprev16iss3pp197-204

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