Analysis of the Histopathology, TNF-α of Microglia Cells Expression, NRG-1/erbB Oligodendrocyte, and Ki67/Apoptosis of Dentate Gyrus Rattus novergicus Brain After Acute Traumatic Brain Injury
Abstract
Head trauma or traumatic brain injury (TBI) gives most serious impact on the central nervous system. Several experimental models have been established to mimic different pathogenesis characteristics of TBI. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is evidence of hystopathological lesions in the brain tissue after Marmorou TBI models. This study uses Rattus norvegicus Sprague Dawley strain. Macroscopic and microscopic observations on the brain tissue were done. Macroscopic lesions were observed in the brain. Microscopic observation was performed with Haematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry on the distribution of microglia cells and pyramidal cells in the cortex. Meanwhile, the distribution of NRG-1/ErbB, proliferation, and apoptosis were observed in the hippocampus. The results of macroscopic observation showed that there were wounds caused by falling loads and vasodilatation. On microscopic observation, the TBI group showed an increase in neutrophils distribution and distribution of activated microglia to produce TNF-α, and decrease in the number of cortical pyramidal cells significantly. The distribution of NRG-1 tended to decrease after exposure of TBI and had no effect on its receptor, erbB. Exposure of TBI appears to lower the activity of neuronal cells proliferation in dentate gyrus (DG) area and significantly increase the number of apoptotic cells. Marmarou model is a physiological model of TBI that spontaneously occurs following a trauma to the head, for example trauma due to an accident. This data can be used as a preliminary data of inflammation and tissue regeneration of disrupted adult brain. Therefore, this research could be used as the basis in the studies of therapeutic agents in the process of neurogenesis of brain cells.
Keywords: traumatic brain injury, ERG-1/ErbB, dentate gyrus, Ki67, TNF-a, microgliaFull Text:
PDFReferences
Chairungsrilerd, N., Furukawa, K., Ohta, T., Nozoe, S. and Ohizumi, Y, 1996, Pharmacological Properties of Alpha-Mangosteen, A Novel Histamine H1 Receptor Antagonist, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 314(3), 351-356. Link
Fujioka, S., Sclabas, G.M., Schmidt, C., Frederick, W.A., Dong, Q.G., et al., 2003, Inhibition of Constitutive NF-kappaB Activity by Ikappa Balpha M Suppresses Tumorigenesis, Oncogene, 22(9), 1365-1370. CrossRef
Gavrieli, Y., Y. Sherman, and Ben-Sasson, S.A., 1992, Identification of Programmed Cell Death In Situ Via Specific Labeling of Nuclear DNA Fragmentation, J. Cell Biol., 119(3), 493-501. Link
Gewies, A., 2003, Introduction to Apoptosis, Apo Review, 1-26. Link
Ho, C.K., Huang, Y.L. and Chen, C.C., 2002, Garcinone E, A Xanthone Derivative, Has Potent Cytotoxic Effect Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines, Planta Med., 68(11), 975-979. CrossRef
Hung, S.H., Shen, K.H., Wu, C.H., Liu, C.L. and Shih, Y.W., 2009, Alpha-Mangosteen Suppresses PC-3 Human Prostate Carcinoma Cell Metastasis by Inhibiting Matrix Metalloproteinase- 2/9 and Urokinase-Plasminogen Expression Through The JNK Signaling Pathway, J. Agric. Food Chem., 57(4), 1291-1298. CrossRef
Jorge, R.E, Starkstein, S.E, Arndt, S., Moser, D., Crespo-Facorro, B. and Robinson, R.G., 2005, Alcohol Misuse and Mood Disorders Following Traumatic Brain Injury, Arch. Gen. Psychiatry., 62(7), 742-749. CrossRef
Levrero, M., Laurenzi, V.De., Constanzo, A., Sabatini, S., Gong, J., Wang, J.Y.J. and Melino, G., 2000, The p53/p63/p73 Family of Transcription Factors: Overlapping and Distinct Functions, J. Cell. Sci., 113(10), 1661-1670. Link
Matsumoto, K., Akao, Y., Ohguchi, K., Ito, T., Tanaka, T., Iinuma, M., et al., 2005, Xanthones Induce Cell-Cycle Arrest And Apoptosis In Human Colon Cancer DLD-1 Cells, Bioorg. Med. Chem., 13(21), 6064-6069. CrossRef
Moongkarndi, P. ,Kosem, N., Kaslungka, S., Luanratana, O., Pongpan, N. and Neungton, N., 2004, Antiproliferation, Antioxidation And Induction Of Apoptosis by Garcinia Mangostana (Mangosteen) On SKBR3 Human Breast Cancer Cell Line, J. Ethnopharmacol., 90(1), 161-166. Link
Nabandith, V., Suzui, M., Morioka, T., Kaneshiro, T., Kinjo, T., Matsumoto, K., et al., 2004, Inhibitory Effects Of Crude Alpha-Mangosteen, A Xanthone Derivative, On Two Different Categories Of Colon Preneoplastic Lesions Induced By 1, 2-Dimethylhydrazine In The Rat, Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev., 5(4), 433-438. Link
Nakagawa, Y., Iinuma, M., Naoe, T., Nozawa, Y. and Akao, Y., 2007, Characterized Mechanism Of Alpha-Mangosteen-Induced Cell Death: Caspase-Independent Apoptosis With Release Of Endonuclease-G From Mitochondria And Increased Mir-143 Expression In Human Colon Cancer DLD-1 Cells, Bioorg. Med. Chem., 15(16), 5620-5628. CrossRef
Renvoizé, C., Biola, A.M., Pallardy, M. and Bréard, J., 1998, Apoptosis: Identification of Dying Cells, Cell Biol. Toxicol., 14(2), 111-120. Link
Ribble, D., Goldstein, N.B., Norris, D.A. and Shellman, Y.G., 2005, A Simple Technique For Quantifying Apoptosis In 96-Well Plates, BMC Biotechnol., 5, 12. CrossRef
Ricci, M.S. and Zong, W.X., 2006, Chemotherapeutic Approaches for Targetting Cell Death Pathways, Oncologist, 11(4), 342-357. CrossRef
Thompson, H.J., Strange, R. and Schedin, P.J., 1992, Apoptosis In The Genesis And Prevention Of Cancer, Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers and Prev., 1(7), 597-602. Link
Turini, M.E. and Dubois, R.N., 2002, Cyclooxygenase-2: A Therapeutic Target, Annu. Rev. Med., 53, 35-57. CrossRef
Weecharangsan, W., Opanasopit, P., Sukma.M., Ngawhirunpat, T., Sotanaphun, U. and Siripong, P., 2006, Antioxidative And Neuroprotective Activities Of Extracts From The Fruit Hull Of Mangosteen (Garcinia Mangostana Linn.), Med. Princ. Pract., 15(4), 281-287. CrossRef
Winawer, S.J., 2007, Colon cancer screening, J. Clin. Gastro., 21(6), 1031- 1048.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14499/indonesianjcanchemoprev6iss1pp20-29
Copyright (c) 2017 Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention
Indexed by:
Indonesian Society for Cancer Chemoprevention
